Rather surprisingly, analysis in men restricted to non‐APOE ε4 or non‐APOE ε2 carriers suggested a protective association of elevated TC, LDL‐C, non‐HDL‐C (and ApoB for non‐APOE ε2 carriers) with dementia but this was not the case for mortality or CHD, where results were in the expected direction. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and dementia.