TNF and neoplasm: These pathways are also important in cancer progression and were associated with cell cycle arrest, cell repair (e.g., p53 pathway) [105], apoptosis [106], tumor suppression, Notch pathway [107]), angiogenesis, host immune response (Tnf signaling) [108], type II interferon signaling [109]), cellular immunity, stress response, and inflammation (NFĸB signaling [110]).