Alternatively, it is possible that the decrease in βA-activin IRS might be related to molecular pathways of cervical cancer transformation and not with HPV tissue positivity per se, given the fact that activin A functions as a tumor suppressor during tumorigenesis [71] and that deranged activin A signaling is known to induce changes in the proliferative states of different cells and in distinct degrees [23,75,76,77]. The gene discussed is INHBE; the disease is cervical carcinoma.