In this context, Serpooshan and colleagues already performed in 2015 a [Pyr1]-apelin-13 nanodelivery by using a liposomal nanocarrier system, and the intraperitoneal injection of [Pyr1]-apelin-13 nanocarriers prevented cardiac disfunction in a TAC mouse model. The gene discussed is APLN; the disease is persistent truncus arteriosus.