Our previous study showed that HEV-1 could replicate in the proximal tubules (PT) epithelium; however, the replication was not associated with the activation of all inflammatory chemokines nor transcripts of AKI such as IL-18, Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) [27]. Here, IL18 is linked to acute kidney injury.