From this data, we concluded that VDR and/or its ligand 1,25(OH)2D3 may have a role in carcinogenesis and/or progression of TGCT and that differential activities, i.e., differential transcriptional programs of the VDR and non-genomic actions correlate with the histology subtype of GCT. The gene discussed is VDR; the disease is testicular germ cell tumor.