As controls, we selected two populations: duodenal biopsies obtained from 7 patients with CD in remission who underwent follow-up EGDS during a gluten free diet (CD-Rem, negative serum anti-tTG-IgA, and March 0 at histology; 5 female, mean age 49 years, range 29–79 years) and 11 patients who underwent EGDS because of cancer screening (CTR, 9 female, mean age 46 years, range 23–62 years). The gene discussed is TGM2; the disease is cancer.