Carbohydrate or cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is one of the earliest identified biomarkers for ovarian cancer and remains the gold standard for both the diagnosis and monitoring of patient response to therapy as well as for the detection of relapse of ovarian cancer in hysterectomized patients [96,97], despite the fact that elevated CA125 blood serum levels can be found in a great variety of benign and pathological conditions [68]. This evidence concerns the gene MUC16 and ovarian carcinoma.