The use of TPE in COVID-19 patients is based on the rationale that by removing the excess of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), TPE can attenuate the cytokine storm and prevent the subsequent multiorgan failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that are often observed in severe cases. Here, TNF is linked to COVID-19.