In patients with SCD and African heritage, the homozygous and compound heterozygous inheritance of APOL1 G1 and G2 variants are associated with an increased risk of proteinuria, higher albuminuria, lower eGFR, higher CKD stage, faster CKD progression, and increased risk of kidney failure [57,58,59,60]. The gene discussed is APOL1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.