TNF and colorectal neoplasm: Moreover, high serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as those including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, are associated with both NAFLD, and colorectal neoplasm patients with NAFLD are significantly higher than those in the normal population, which have been found to be significantly associated with the risk of developing colorectal neoplasms [21].