Interestingly, blocking canonical TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signal transduction had no effect on the activation of the non-canonical TGF-β1/Erk1/2/EMT pathway, suggesting that, in Sjögren’s syndrome, both the canonical and non-canonical signalling pathways are activated independently to induce EMT-dependent fibrosis [10,47]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and Sjogren syndrome.