In line with the Masson Trichrome-stained sections of the DKD rats, metformin-treated (alone or in combination with canagliflozin) animals showed a trend towards a diminished expression of the fibrotic gene, transforming growth factor β (Tgfβ) (Figure 7A), though this trend did not reach significance. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.