PTN and cancer: In fact, in in vitro and in vivo models of this tumor, luteolin induced a downregulation of gelatinases and MMP -3 and -16 expression, coupled with enhanced miR-384 biogenesis, as well as suppression of pleiotrophin (PTN), a small cytokine with a polyhedral role in tumor evolution (PTN promotes cancer cell migration and invasion, and stimulates angiogenesis) [65].