In other preclinical studies, GLP-1 reduced vascular monocyte adhesion and macrophage accumulation in blood vessels both in normoglycemic or hyperglycemic mice at high risk for the development of experimental atherosclerosis, along with other anti-inflammatory effects, i.e., reduced plaque macrophage and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) accumulation [92] (Figure 4). This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and atherosclerosis.