Seventeen miRNAs were differentially expressed in EVs isolated from mice irradiated with 3 Gy, regulating mostly cancer-related pathways (including acute myeloid leukaemia) and multiple pathways relevant for either BM functioning (Wnt signalling pathway, signalling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells) or for the cellular response to IR (Hippo signalling, cell cycle, TGF-β signalling, FoxO signalling, MAPK signalling, Erb signalling), suggesting the potential involvement of these miRNAs in mediating IR-induced bystander responses. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and acute myeloid leukemia.