This protective effect of the NLRP3 and the NLRP6 inflammasomes in NAFLD/NASH has been shown to be mediated by IL-18, whose deficiency can result in changes of the microbiota composition and increased translocation of TLR4 and TLR9 agonists to the portal circulation, exacerbating hepatic steatosis and inflammation in mice fed a methionine–choline-deficient diet (MCDD) (Figure 2, panels 2 and 5) [76]. Here, NLRP3 is linked to fatty liver disease.