TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: However, obesity was associated with an overexpression of the inflammatory markers Mcp-1 (p < 0.01: Figure 6A), IL-1β (p < 0.05: Figure 6A), IL-10 (p < 0.05: Figure 6A) and Tnf-α (p < 0.05: Figure 6A) and with a downregulation of the gene expression of the antioxidant enzymes Nox-4, Sod-1, Gpx-3 and Ho-1 (p < 0.05 for all: Figure 6B).