Many studies have reported the correlation of SP-D polymorphisms with the enhanced disease susceptibility or risk, such as lung fibrosis [45], cystic fibrosis [46], acute respiratory distress syndrome [47], neonatal respiratory distress syndrome [48,49], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [50], asthma [51], dysplastic and neoplastic pulmonary disorders [48,52], acute kidney injury [53], and gestational diabetes mellitus [54]. The gene discussed is SFTPD; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.