TLR4 and dilated cardiomyopathy: Interestingly, several clinical and pre-clinical studies have shown a critical role of the innate immune receptor, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), in cardiovascular disease conditions such as acute myocardial infarction, ischemic heart injury, heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, and septic shock [59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66].