RAF1 and COVID-19: Consequently, further studies are needed in order to clarify this aspect of COVID-19.Since RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling pathway is involved in the onset of inflammation and viral infections, in addition its role in coronavirus replication is poorly described and no data are available in the literature concerning its contribution to COVID-19, aim of this study was to quantify biomarkers involved in ERK related MAPK pathway and to clarify their possible role in affecting some COVID-19 clinical features.