The osteoprotective properties of RSV through the modulation of RANK/RANKL/OPG, SIRT1, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPKs/JNK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, microRNAs, and BMP2 are discussed in this section as the key mechanisms related with bone remodelling and development of osteoporosis. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is osteoporosis.