This process is caused by the overexpression of HIF1-α, mediated by the mTOR pathway through the alteration of tumor suppressor genes, such as serine/threonine kinase 11 STK (STK11), TSC complex subunit 1 (TSC1), TSC complex subunit 2 (TSC2) and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) [105,106,107]. Here, TSC1 is linked to neoplasm.