Previous studies have associated the PPP3R1 5I/5D polymorphism with left ventricular mass in adults exposed either to the long-term effects of hypertension [21] or to sports training [22], i.e., environmental factors with a documented ability to both activate calcineurin and induce myocardial hypertrophy [9,20,35,36]. This evidence concerns the gene PPP3R1 and cardiac hypertrophy.