These pre-clinical studies are uncovering the molecular mechanisms MSCs may use to regulate the immune systems (hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and IL-1-RA), fibrosis (HGF, miR-29a-3p, and miR-151-5p, among which the latter downregulates the IL-4R pathway), and vasculopathy (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) of SSc patients [29,31]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is systemic sclerosis.