Thus, in this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate, for the first time, the serum levels of NLRP3 with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory ILs (1A, 1β, 33 and 37) in Saudi adults with different levels of glycemia, prediabetes (PD) and T2DM, and to compare them to healthy controls (HC). Here, NLRP3 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.