LEP and cancer: After binding to this receptor, leptin promotes the recruitment and autophosphorylation of Janus kinase two (JAK2) and this causes signaling of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, which are responsible for cell survival and proliferation and promote cancer-cell growth [200].