These extracellular vesicles, found in a physiologic state carrying proteins, nucleic acids, receptors, and other macromolecules between different cells, found to be increased in RA patients are shown by Atehortúa et al. to increase endothelial expression of the adhesion molecules CD54 and CD102, and the production of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, CCL2, and CCL5 in a dose-dependent way. Here, IL6 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.