Three of them, two with positive IAA (#1–2), and one with positive anti-IA2 (#3), who had presented with new-onset T1D which progressed immediately after diagnosis to overt disease, and one boy (#5) with positive anti-GAD with pre-T1D at inclusion progressed to overt T1D within 6 months. Here, GAD1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.