More recently, Henckel et al. [42], in a cross-sectional study that included 29 10-year-old children who had been born preterm and were diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, nominated YKL-40 as being a novel biomarker of altered lung development due to early-life inflammation in children with a history of prematurity. This evidence concerns the gene CHI3L1 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.