The main findings of the present investigation can be summarized as follows: (1) NEUT-RI was higher in critically ill patients with sepsis than in those who were hospitalized for other causes; (2) PCT was the biomarker with the best positive predictive value as compared to NEUT-RI and CRP; (3) however, NEUT-RI had the best negative predictive value compared to PCT and CRP, suggesting its diagnostic use to minimize false negatives and increasing the detection of patients with sepsis; (4) NEUT-RI was not significantly different between patients with and without renal failure. This evidence concerns the gene CRP and kidney failure.