In this study, we dissected the effect of BCA on the NF-κB (p65)/NLRP3-evoked inflammatory response, apoptosis, and expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in a rat model of diabetic kidney disease induced by HFD/STZ and rat kidney tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) cultured in a hyperglycemic environment. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and diabetic kidney disease.