Moreover, NRF2 activation enhances the antioxidant capacity of cells by upregulating the expression of HO-1/NQO1, reduces renal fibrosis by downregulating the expression of TGF-β1-dependent profibrotic signals, and ultimately improves renal function and slows down HN progression (Figure 10). Here, TGFB1 is linked to renal fibrosis.