DKK1 and glioblastoma: In the process, we observed notable decreases in the expression of genes involved in the EMT process, Wnt signalling, and invasion, such as CD44, TWIST1, MMP1, MMP9, VEGFA, FZD7, DKK1, and SNAI1 in IDH1R132 mutant GBM in the GEO, CGGA, and TCGA/GTEx cohorts, whereas TWIST1 and MMP1 were upregulated in TCGA and CGGA GBM patients with unmethylated MGMT promoters, respectively.