Interestingly, in a mouse model of spontaneous cervical cancer (K14-HPV/E(2) mice), MMP-9+ neutrophils represented an alternative source to TAM in providing MMP-9 (82) and, in murine models of colorectal cancer (MC26) and lung carcinoma (3LL), MDSC-derived MMP-9 was associated to enhanced tumor vascularization (83). Here, MMP9 is linked to cervical cancer.