In the TME of CC, tumor cells secrete various molecules to recruit MDSCs from immature bone marrow cells, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (35, 36, 107, 108), IL-6 (111), and highly expressed C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) chemokines, such as CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5, and CXCL8 (110). The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is neoplasm.