Nanosecond pulse can induce apoptosis through a non-thermogenic electric field energy transmembrane into the nucleus while retaining tumor antigens on the cell membrane, attracting immune recognition, making macrophages infiltrate and differentiate into tumor-inhibiting phenotypes, increasing the number of CD8 + T cells and enhancing the killing ability of CD8 + T cells to inhibit HCC recurrence and metastasis, and acting as an immune modulator. Here, CD8A is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.