VEGFA and COVID-19: Levels of the cytokine IL-1 and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) — key peptides in angiogenesis and vascular permeability and thus, oocyte development — were lower in the follicular fluid of people undergoing assisted reproductive treatment 2 to 9 months (average 4.5 months, n = 46) post-COVID-19 compared to controls who were SARS-CoV-2-negative or never had COVID-19 symptoms (n = 34) (26).