To determine whether TGFβ1 could protect AML cells from the pro-apoptotic effect of cytarabine and doxorubicin (DOX), KG-1a cells with or without TGFβ1 pretreatment were incubated with 50uM Ara-C and 3uM DOX, respectively. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.