GIP and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Additionally, in the VAT of the Ob + Pre-T2D group, GIP (10 nM) stimulation increased VAT pyroglutamate consumption (Ob + Pre-T2D: GIP (0 nM), 12.28 ± 0.59 nmol/mg of VAT vs. GIP (10 nM), 13.71 ± 0.84 nmol/mg of VAT, Δ 11.67%, p < 0.05) (Figure 3, Table S2).