Dysregulation of APN expression evolves in almost all types of human malignancies, including breast cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), liver cancer, colon cancer, cirrhosis gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), melanoma, osteosarcoma, and thyroid cancer [19,91]. The gene discussed is ANPEP; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.