In recent years, the role of intracellular pattern recognition receptors (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) has become increasingly important in the pathophysiology of some mycoses, such as paracoccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, and candidiasis [50]. The gene discussed is TLR9; the disease is paracoccidioidomycosis.