CRP and chronic kidney disease: Increased circulating CRP and cytokine concentrations, an activated phenotype of circulating monocytes (e.g., CD14 + CD16+ monocytes) and resident vascular cells, and the increased synthesis of inflammation-triggered reactive oxygen species are all proinflammatory changes in patients with advanced renal disease [66], and CRP levels were linked with the presence of plaque burden in chronic kidney disease patients [67].