Both esrrγa and ppargc1a have been independently implicated in mitochondrial function and various disorders, including diabetes and kidney disease (Audet-Walsh and Giguére, 2015; Chambers and Wingert, 2020a,b; Guo et al., 2015; Ishimoto et al., 2017; Knutti and Kralli, 2001; Long et al., 2016; Misra et al., 2017; Poidatz et al., 2012; Sharma et al., 2013; Zhao et al., 2018). The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is diabetes mellitus.