In the same study, PL-administered to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, showed an anti-obese effect, connected to anti-inflammatory responses with the regulation of inflammatory cytokines, and the downregulation of NF-κB and MAPKs and inhibited obesity and obesity-induced inflammatory responses via activation of Nrf2/Keap1 signalling pathway (Kim et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.