INS and diabetes mellitus: Mouse• ↑Myocardial tissue total Cer in non-obese 3-month-old Akita mice compared to WT; ↓total Cer to WT levels when Akita mice were given insulin (98)• ↑Myocardial tissue total Cer in both WT and ATGL KO heterozygous 13- to 15-week-old mice after the induction of diabetes via high-dose 165 mg/kg STZ injections; Basally, total Cer was =in both sets of pre-diabetic mice (99)• ↓Myocardial tissue total Cer in cardiomyocyte-specific ATGL OE mice with and without high-dose 165 mg/kg STZ compared to control mice (99)