Infection of neutrophils and HL-60 cells produce striking quantities of chemokines, including IL-8, RANTES, MIP1α, MIP1β, and MCP1, but not other cytokines observed with in vivo infection, including IFNγ, IL-10, TNFα, IL1β, or IL4 (Dumler et al., 2000; Martin et al., 2000). This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and infection.