While senescence was the first stress shown to induce accumulation of HIRA complex in PML NBs (Banumathy et al., 2009; Jiang et al., 2011; Rai et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2005), IFN-I signaling pathway was recently shown to be responsible for similar behavior of HIRA upon a viral infection (Cohen et al., 2018; McFarlane et al., 2019; Rai et al., 2017). The gene discussed is PML; the disease is viral infectious disease.