TNF and cancer: Through the enrichment analysis of upregulated DEGs and signalling pathways, it was revealed thatPDA/PDA cells, the upregulated genes in SRCC cells were mainly enriched with abnormally active cancer-related signalling pathways (e.g., transcriptional misregulation in cancer, pathways in cancer and microRNAs in cancer) and were closely correlated with signalling pathways of immune escape (e.g., the TNF-α signalling pathway, TGF-β signalling pathway, and NF-kB signalling pathway) (Fig. 5b, c).