BDNF and Cognitive impairment: In the SOR task (Fig. 2K), except that the ELS + Veh group failed to recognize the object placed in novel location (t10 = 0.140, p = 0.892, n = 11, one-sample t test), the other three groups performed well (CT + Veh: t8 = 5.630, p < 0.001, n = 9; CT + BDNF: t9 = 5.250, p < 0.001, n = 10; ELS + BDNF: t7 = 5.768, p < 0.001, n = 8; one-sample t test), suggesting that BDNF elevation in DG restored ELS-induced cognitive deficits.